In my Bible reading yesterday I came across these verses from the Gospel of Mark:
They went out and preached that people should repent. They drove out many demons and anointed many sick people with oil and healed them.
Mark 6:12-13
Now I must have read Mark’s gospel a dozen times in the last few years. I’ve used it as the basis of a discipleship course here in Cebu, and one of the few essays I can remember writing during my Theology degree at LBC was on the miracles of Mark and their place in the narrative. But I can never remember reading this verse before. And it came as quite a surprise to discover that the disciples were sent out to engage in a ministry of healing that included anointing with oil. Why? well, 2 reasons I suppose.
Firstly, I don’t think I have ever heard anyone mention it before, when I think of the disciples (and Jesus for that matter) healing I envisage them laying hands on people, praying for them, even declaring them healed. Anointing with oil seems a bit, well; Anglican. Presumably if the disciples went off anointing people with oil, and healing them, it must have been because they saw Jesus doing it, which makes Jesus seem a bit Anglican, and that feels all wrong especially to a culture conscious Anglican missionary trying to communicate the Gospel without any unnecessary Anglican baggage.
Secondly, I’ve always had the impression that the ministry of anointing the sick with oil came later in the development of the early church. In contrast with the above passage, this from James 5 has always been bread and butter for my practical theology:
Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. And the prayer of faith will save the one who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.
James 5:14-16
The logic has run something like this:
Jesus and the disciples did lots of miracles. The early church was born. Slowly an evolution took place as the charismatic ministries of Christ, the disciples and apostles slowly evolved into the institutional ministries that we see today. Apostles were replaced by elders; prophets by teachers and pastors etc. As the church became more institutionally organised. It also became more liturgical. Thus baptism out in the Jordan or wherever as soon as someone confessed faith, was at first supplemented and then replaced by baptism at Easter in church, following a lengthly catechumenate. The Eucharist – a simple meal following the pattern of the Passover in which Christ the paschal lamb is remembered evolves into the Eucharistic feast. Spontaneous times of worship evolve into liturgical services.
And of course prayer for healing by the disciples evolves into anointing with oil by the elders. Except it didn’t. It was part of the Apostolic tradition from the start, which I find really encouraging. Rather than being an example of the church drifitng from the practice and power of the first followers of Christ, it is an example of the church retaining the practices of Christ, and seeking to follow Him in faith and hope.
Now why wasn’t I taught that during my MA at an Anglican seminary?
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